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Sunday, December 4, 2011

Classification Based on Physical State of Dispersed Phase and Dispersion Medium


Depending upon whether the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium are solids, liquids or gases, eight types of colloidal systems are possible. A gas mixed with another gas forms a homogeneous mixture and hence is not a colloidal system.

            Many familiar commercial products and natural objects are colloids. For example, whipped cream is a foam, which is a gas dispersed in a liquid. Firefighting foams, used at emergency airplane landings are also colloidal systems. Most biological fluids are aqueous sols (solids dispersed in water). Within a typical cell, proteins and nucleic acids are colloidal-sized particles dispersed in an aqueous solution of ions and small molecules.
Download the above notes from here

Wednesday, August 10, 2011

CBSE(NCERT) Class 12th English Book Chapter 1 - THE THIRD LEVEL

The chapter “The Third Level” deals with the imagination and fantasy in which a young man name charley use to feel that there were three level at grand central station each having a definite feature as Ist level was related to that kind of a platform from which one can board the trains for far off places and IInd level was related that halt from which the trains of sub-urban areas could be board up and the last but not the least that only charley use to feel that there was really a third level. Charley was a young man of 31 years who use to feel that third level really existed because he uses to get escaped from the insecurity, fear, selfishness, misunderstandings, bloods heel etc. being prevalent in the modern world. So, he wanted to go such a place where he could be able to get peace and friendly people. So, he always use to feel that the place of his Grand Father, Galesburg in the Era of 1894 was the best place to live in as he had heard from his Grand Father that in his time things were pretty nice and the people were very amiable (Friendly) and social. Charley therefore wanted to get settled there with his wife Louisa every time, Charley use to wonder (to walk) in such of third level. Generally in his lunch time. A part from looking for the third level. Charley also use to collect stamps, it was his past time hobby. Dr. Sam who was a psychiatrist and the friend of Charley. He diagnosed him and came to the conclusion refuge from the realty. He hoped that getting engaged in such a habit of collecting stamp would be very better for him to get relief from his ailment of working dream wish fulfillment. Dr. Sam also got very worried when the wife of Charley informed him that her husband had withdrawn 300 dollars from the bank in order to pay the fare of the tickets because according to her husband, he had actually got into the third level at grand central station which he use to feel was growing like a tree spreading all its branches and roots in all the direction. Dr. Sam thought that to treat Charley, then he himself had to feel the third level so he made a plan that he would not meet Charley for several days and his wife provided Dr. Sam, the first day cover that was issued on 18th july 1894. In the provided first day cover, Dr. Sam mentioned that he was very happy to be on the IIIrd level invented Charley with his wife on the IIIrd level to live peacefully as expected to be there at Galesburg, In the Era of 1894.

First Day Cover:-

“First day cover refers to the affixment of the new stamp on an envelope and self address on the day of the issue of the stamp.”

PART II - WE TOO ARE HUMAN BEINGS BY BAMA

In the second part of the story “Memories of Childhood” the author Bama has also recounted her experience in the form of a story named “we too are human beings”. In this story, Bama has recounted her childhood experience about the system of untouchability when she was in class-3. She use to take 30 min or 1 complete hour to go back home from the school after the departure time. She used to enjoy all fun and the shops of the market once it so happen when she could not control herself from a great laughter. She saw an elder man from her street was holding that the packet was meant for the landlord and when the elderly man went up to him, with great sense of respect, that man gave the packet to the landlord taking care not to touch the packing except its string.

When Bama narrated the whole event to her elder brother Anand in just a very comical and a hilarious way. When Anand heard all this, he explained Bama that it was not a hilarious at the elderly man had hold up the packet only by its string because the elderly man was belonged to the lower cast while the landlord was belonged to the higher cast. The lower cast people were not permitted to touch the belongings of the high cast people and the lower cast people were bound to face all humiliations and all the indignities. Here Anand also narrated his experience when he was asked about his cast through his address. Here, the small girl, Bama felt very sat and angry also. She wanted to break all these borders of the caste system. At this, her brother explained her that in order to get the equal status with the dignity, she had to work very hard. The words of her brother put a very deep impression in her mind and she really worked very hard and stood first in her class and stood first in her class and achieved al dignity and the equal status.

Ques-1 Give two reasons why Zitkala-Sa misses her mother?

Ans. When zitkala-Sa was sent to the Christian school she was really missing her another very much because she was not able to take up all the restrictions with all the rules and regulations and also she remembered her mother very much when she came to know that her long hair was going to be cut off.

Ques-2 Why did Zitkala-Sa sneak away the dining hall? Where did she go away from there?

Ans. When Zitkala-Sa came to know that her long hair was going to be cut off then she decided that she would not kneel down in front of the authorities so she sneaked away the dining hall to dark room.

Ques-3 How did Zitkala-Sa try to save her hair?

Ans. Zitkala-Sa tried a lot to save her hair by hiding herself into a dark room under the bed.

Ques-4 How did way side’s scene and activities afflict Bama’s going back from school?

Ans. While going back from school, Bama use to take 30 min or just one complete hour to enjoy all the activities and the marked scenes going on at that time.

Ques-5 How did the elder belonging to Bama’s community behave before his master why?

Ans. The elder was holding the packet of the food stuffs just by its string before his master. The elder was holding the packet in this strange manner because he was belonged to the lower cast and was just an untouchable.

Ques-6 What was Bama’s chief worry on seeing an elder carrying the foodstuffs? What was she ignorant about?

Ans. When Bama’s saw the elder carrying the food stuff in such a strange manner, Bama got worried that the food stuff will fall down. Bama was completely ignorant about the cast system and the system of untouhchability prevalent at that point of time.

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